Prophylaxis (Teeth Cleaning)

Why Prophylaxis is Important

Periodontal disease and gingivitis occur when bacteria from plaque accumulate on the gingival (gum) tissue, either above or below the gum line. These bacteria cause inflammation and irritation, triggering a chronic inflammatory response in the body. Over time, this can lead to the destruction of gum and bone tissue, causing teeth to shift, become unstable, or fall out. Deepened gum pockets further harbor bacteria that may travel through the bloodstream and affect other parts of the body.

Benefits of Prophylaxis

• Tartar Removal: Plaque and tartar buildup above and below the gum line can be difficult to remove with home care alone. Professional cleaning helps eliminate deposits that could lead to serious periodontal problems.
• Aesthetics: Prophylaxis removes surface stains and discoloration, restoring the natural brightness of your teeth and enhancing your smile.
• Fresher Breath: By removing plaque, calculus, and bacteria from the gum line, prophylaxis can significantly improve breath and reduce irritation caused by periodontal disease.
• Health Screening: A thorough cleaning allows the dentist to identify early signs of oral cancer, evaluate periodontitis risk, and detect other medical conditions such as diabetes or kidney disease. Recommendations can also be given to improve daily oral hygiene routines.

What Prophylaxis Treatment Involves

Prophylaxis can be performed during a regular dental visit or, in cases of severe periodontal disease, under general anesthesia. When performed under anesthesia, an endotracheal tube may be used to protect the lungs from bacteria removed during cleaning.

Stages of Prophylaxis:

• Supragingival Cleaning: Cleaning above the gum line with scaling tools to remove plaque and calculus.
• Subgingival Cleaning: Removal of calculus and bacteria from gum pockets beneath the gum line—critical for patients with periodontal disease.
• Root Planing: Smoothing the tooth roots to eliminate residual bacteria and promote healing.
• Medication: Antibiotic or antimicrobial creams may be applied to the gum pockets to aid healing and reduce discomfort.
• X-ray and Examination: Routine X-rays help assess bone and gum health and identify areas needing future attention.

Prophylaxis is typically recommended twice a year for preventive care and every 3-4 months for patients with periodontitis. While gum disease cannot be fully reversed, regular prophylaxis is highly effective in halting its progression.

If you have questions about dental prophylaxis or periodontal disease, please contact our practice.