Scaling and Root Planing: Deep Cleaning for Healthy Gums

Scaling and root planing are non-surgical periodontal procedures designed to remove the bacteria and deposits that cause inflammation in the gums and surrounding bone. These procedures target common etiologic agents such as dental plaque and tartar (calculus) and are highly effective for individuals with gingivitis (mild gum inflammation) or moderate to severe periodontal disease.

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Why Scaling and Root Planing May Be Necessary

These treatments can serve both preventive and therapeutic purposes for periodontal disease sufferers. Common reasons include:

  • Disease Prevention: Periodontal bacteria can enter the bloodstream and contribute to systemic conditions such as lung infections and heart disease. Scaling and root planing help remove bacteria and prevent further spread.
  • Tooth Protection: Gum pockets deeper than 3mm can harbor harmful bacteria, leading to chronic inflammation and destruction of gum and bone tissue, which may result in tooth loss. Periodontal disease is the leading cause of tooth loss in the developed world.
  • Aesthetic Benefits: These procedures remove tartar, plaque, and superficial stains, leaving teeth cleaner and brighter.
  • Improved Breath: Halitosis (bad breath) caused by bacteria and food debris is often alleviated through deep cleaning.

What to Expect During Scaling and Root Planing

Before the procedure, the dentist will perform a thorough examination, including X-rays and visual inspection, to assess the severity of the periodontal disease. Depending on the condition of the gums and depth of the pockets, a local anesthetic may be used.

Scaling

Scaling removes plaque and tartar from the tooth surfaces, both above and below the gumline. Special instruments, including ultrasonic scalers, may be used to clean thoroughly. Some scaling tools also allow for the delivery of antimicrobial agents to reduce bacteria beneath the gums.

Root Planing

Root planing smooths the tooth root by removing embedded microorganisms, toxins, and tartar. This helps gums reattach to the tooth surface and prevents bacteria from recolonizing, promoting faster and healthier healing.

Post-Treatment Care

After scaling and root planing, antibiotic treatments may be applied to the gum pockets to reduce irritation and support healing. During follow-up appointments, the dentist or hygienist will check the depth of the gum pockets. If pockets remain deeper than 3mm, additional treatment may be recommended.

Scaling and root planing are essential for managing periodontal disease, protecting teeth, and promoting overall oral health. If you have questions or concerns about these procedures or gum disease, please contact our practice.