Bone Grafting for Dental Restorations

Bone grafting is often an essential step for dental restorations such as bridges and implants. The success of these procedures depends heavily on the height, depth, and width of the jawbone at the implant site. When the jawbone has receded or sustained damage, bone grafting is usually recommended to provide a stable foundation.

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Factors Affecting Jaw Bone Volume

  • Periodontal Disease: Can permanently damage the jawbone supporting teeth, making them unstable over time.
  • Tooth Extraction: Patients can lose 40-60% of the bone around the extraction site within three years, creating a “bone defect.”
  • Injuries and Infections: Physical trauma or dental infections can lead to bone recession.

Reasons for Bone Grafts

Bone grafting can restore jawbone height or width, fill voids, and improve overall oral stability. The procedure has two major benefits:

  • Jaw Stabilization: Reinforces the jaw for implants or restorative procedures and corrects deformities.
  • Preservation: Prevents or limits bone loss following tooth extraction, periodontal disease, or other invasive procedures.

Oral Examination

The dentist will examine the affected area, checking teeth and gums. Panoramic X-rays or CAT scans may be recommended to assess the depth and width of the jawbone. Periodontal issues or adjacent teeth conditions will be treated before bone grafting begins. The dentist may also explore the gum under local anesthesia to determine the type and amount of bone needed.

Types of Bone Grafts

  • Autogenous Bone Graft: Bone harvested from the patient’s own body, usually from the lower jaw or chin. This method provides the most predictable results.
  • Allograft Bone Graft: Uses cadaver or synthetic bone.
  • Xenograft: Uses cow bone.

Bone Grafting Procedure

The procedure can take several months. Bone is placed at the affected site, where it fuses with existing bone to increase mass and support implants. During surgery, the area is numbed with local anesthesia, an incision is made, and the bone is anchored in place. Sometimes, a synthetic membrane is applied to protect the graft and encourage growth.

The surgery does not require an overnight stay. Post-operative instructions and prescribed medications will help manage discomfort, swelling, and prevent infection.

If you have questions or concerns about bone grafting or dental restorations, please contact our office.